Local and scalable detection of genuine multipartite single-photon path entanglement

Patrik Caspar; Enky Oudot; Pavel Sekatski; Nicolas Maring; Anthony Martin; Nicolas Sangouard; Hugo Zbinden; Rob Thew

doi:10.22331/q-2022-03-22-671

Local and scalable detection of genuine multipartite single-photon path entanglement

Patrik Caspar¹, Enky Oudot², Pavel Sekatski¹, Nicolas Maring¹, Anthony Martin¹, Nicolas Sangouard³, Hugo Zbinden¹, and Rob Thew¹

¹Department of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
²ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
³Institut de physique théorique, Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France

Published:	2022-03-22, volume 6, page 671
Eprint:	arXiv:2104.08216v3
Doi:	https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-03-22-671
Citation:	Quantum 6, 671 (2022).

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Abstract

How can a multipartite single-photon path-entangled state be certified efficiently by means of local measurements? We address this question by constructing an entanglement witness based on local photon detections preceded by displacement operations to reveal genuine multipartite entanglement. Our witness is defined as a sum of three observables that can be measured locally and assessed with two measurement settings for any number of parties $N$. For any bipartition, the maximum mean value of the witness observable over biseparable states is bounded by the maximum eigenvalue of an $N\times N$ matrix, which can be computed efficiently. We demonstrate the applicability of our scheme by experimentally testing the witness for heralded 4- and 8-partite single-photon path-entangled states. Our implementation shows the scalability of our witness and opens the door for distributing photonic multipartite entanglement in quantum networks at high rates.

Featured image: Heralded multipartite entanglement distribution. Left: Entanglement is distributed between three parties, each having a signal-idler photon pair source (S). The idler modes are combined on a multiport beam splitter and the detection of a single photon after this beam splitter projects the signal modes into a single-photon entangled state. In this way, one can distribute a photonic state close to a W state since the local losses are kept low. The aim of this work is to clarify on how entanglement can be detected in this setting. Right: Conceptual schematic of the experiment. Entanglement is distributed among eight parties by locally splitting the signal mode into eight spatial output modes. The generated entanglement is then detected by a scalable entanglement witness that requires local measurements only.

► BibTeX data

@article{Caspar2022localscalable,
  doi = {10.22331/q-2022-03-22-671},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-03-22-671},
  title = {Local and scalable detection of genuine multipartite single-photon path entanglement},
  author = {Caspar, Patrik and Oudot, Enky and Sekatski, Pavel and Maring, Nicolas and Martin, Anthony and Sangouard, Nicolas and Zbinden, Hugo and Thew, Rob},
  journal = {{Quantum}},
  issn = {2521-327X},
  publisher = {{Verein zur F{\"{o}}rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften}},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {671},
  month = mar,
  year = {2022}
}

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