Abnormalities of the corpus callosum - expect the unexpected: pictorial essay

Congress:

ECR 2017

Poster Number:

C-1670

Type:

Educational Exhibit

Keywords:

CNS, Neuroradiology brain, Foetal imaging, MR, Imaging sequences, Intrauterine diagnosis, Congenital, Neoplasia, Foetus

Authors:

A. Ragaji¹, M. Bjelan², V. Njagulj², K. Ivosevic², J. Boban³, K. Koprivsek¹, D. Kozic², N. Prvulovic Bunovic²; ¹Sremska Kamenica/Novi Sad/RS, ²Sremska Kamenica/RS, ³Sremska Kamenica, Novi Sad/RS

DOI:

10.1594/ecr2017/C-1670

DOI-Link:

https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/ecr2017/C-1670

Fig. 1: Complete agenesis of corpus callosum – a 17-year-old girl with history of...

Fig. 2: Complete agenesis of corpus callosum (fetal MRI) - antenatal MRI scan at 24/25...

Fig. 3: Hypoplasia without dysplasia - a 2-year-old boy with 47,XY, +mar karyotype....

Fig. 4: Apple core corpus callosum abnormality (hypoplasia of posterior corpus...

Learning objectives

To illustrate and discuss the spectrum of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of both congenital and acquired most common pathologies of corpus callosum in fetuses, children and adults.

Background

Corpus callosum is one of the three interhemispheric commissures (anterior commissure, hippocampal commissure and corpus callosum) and the greatest of them. [1]. Its role is interhemispheric connection and coordination, as well as cognitive functions, social skills, problem solving and attention. [2] Corpus callosum development is a very quick process and takes place in 13th week of gestational life. In its embryological development, corpus callosum is formed by two separate parts: the anterior one, consisting of the rostrum, genu, and body and the posterior one—splenium. The...

Findings and procedure details

This pictorial essay reviews the radiological MRI findings in patients scanned at our centre, demonstrating involvement of the corpus callosum of fetuses, children and adults. The wide spectrum of lesions in the corpus callosum, both congenital and acquired, were illustrated. 1. Developmental Abnormalities The most extreme form of developmental malformation of the corpus callosum is agenesis. Agenesis of the corpus callosum can be complete (agenesis) (Fig. 1, Fig. 2)or partial (dysgenesis) (Fig. 5)[4]. It is an anatomically defined condition that result from disruption of the...

Conclusion

MRI is a method of choice in the assessment of the corpus callosum and its congenital and acquired pathological lesions. Visualization of corpus callosum involvement helps to establish diagnosis in certain disease entities.

Personal information

References

1. Paul LK. Developmental malformation of the corpus callosum: a review of typical callosal development and examples of developmental disorders with callosal involvement. Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders. 2011;3(1):3–27. 2. Krupa K, Bekiesinska-Figatowska M. Congenital and Acquired Abnormalities of the Corpus Callosum: A Pictorial Essay. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013: 265619. 3. Raybaud C. The corpus callosum, the other great forebrain commissures, and the septum pellucidum: anatomy, development, and malformation. Neuroradiology. 2010:52(6);447–77. 4. Rubinstein D, Youngman V, Hise JH, Damiano TR. Partial development of the corpus callosum....